Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are a group of 17 chemically similar metallic elements that are found in the lanthanide series of the periodic table, along with scandium and yttrium. These elements include lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium.
Despite their name, rare earth elements are not particularly rare in terms of abundance in the Earth’s crust; rather, they are often dispersed and not found in concentrated forms, making their extraction and processing economically challenging. REEs are crucial for various modern technologies, including electronics, renewable energy solutions, magnets, catalysts, and various advanced materials. Their unique properties, such as high magnetic strength and luminescent capabilities, make them essential for manufacturing high-performance products. The geopolitical significance of REEs has increased in recent years due to their importance in technological production and the concentration of supply in certain countries.